Usually, a firstborn baby boy whose father is a Cohen or Levi, or his mother is the daughter of a Cohen or Levi does not need a Pidyon HaBen.
If the firstborn's mother is Jewish but his father is not, then he does his own Piyon at his Bar Mitzvah.
A daughter of a Cohen or Levi who slept with a non-Jew has lost her special status and does not exempt her firstborn son from a Pidyon HaBen, even if the firstborn's father is Jewish.
A firstborn who was orphaned from his father before his Pidyon HaBen should get redeemed by Bet Din, not by his mother.
A firstborn who was not redeemed as a child needs to do a Pidyon HaBen to himself as soon as he finds out; once he becomes Bar Mitzvah.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 164:7-9
- Danny
Tuesday, 21 Adar-I 5779
Tuesday, February 26, 2019
Halocho #2244 - Who does a Pidyon HaBen at his Bar Mitzvah?
הָאֵם, אֵינָהּ חַיֶבֶת לִפְדּוֹת אֶת בְּנָהּ. וְאִם מֵת הָאָב, בֵּית הַדִּין פּוֹדִין אוֹתוֹ
עָבַר הָאָב וְלֹא פָדָה אֶת בְּנוֹ, אוֹ שֶׁמֵּת הָאָב וּבֵית הַדִין לֹא פָדוּ אוֹתוֹ, חַיָּב הוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ לִפְדּוֹת אֶת עַצְמוֹ כְּשֶׁיִגְדָּל, וּמְבָרֵךְ, אֲשֶׁר קִדְּשָׁנוּ בְּמִצְוֹתָיו וְצִוָּנוּ עַל פִּדְיוֹן בְּכוֹר, וְשֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ
כֹּהֲנִים וּלְוִיִּם, פְּטוּרִים מִפִּדְיוֹן הַבֵּן. וַאֲפִלּוּ בַת כֹּהֵן אוֹ בַּת לֵוִי שָׁנִּשְׂאָה לְיִשְֹרָאֵל, הַבֵּן פָּטוּר מִפִּדְיוֹן
וְאִם בַּת כֹּהֵן נִבְעֲלָה לַגּוֹי וְנִתְעַבְּרָה מִמֶּנוּ, אוֹ אֲפִלּוּ נִתְעַבְּרָה אַחַר כָּךְ בְּהֶתֵּר, הַבֵּן חַיָב בְּפִדְיוֹן, שֶׁהֲרֵי אִמּוֹ נִתְחַלְּלָה מִן הַכְּהֻנָּה עַל יְדֵי בְעִילַת הַגּוֹי. וְכֵן עַל יְדֵי שְׁאָר בְּעִילַת אִסּוּר, שֶׁהִיא מִתְחַלֶּלֶת
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