One of the Mitzvot of Purim is מִשְׁלוֹחַ מָנוֹת; sending at least two food items to one fellow Jew.
These 2 food items need to be ready to eat. For example fruit, wine, cake or cooked meat.
It’s commendable to send מִשְׁלוֹחַ מָנוֹת to a lot of people, but it’s even better to spend more on מַתָּנוֹת לָאֶבְיוֹנִים to the poor and needy.
Both men and women need to send מִשְׁלוֹחַ מָנוֹת. Men should send to men, women should send to women.
A mourner (in the 12 months for parents or 30 days for siblings, spouse or child) also needs to send מִשְׁלוֹחַ מָנוֹת. One does not send מִשְׁלוֹחַ מָנוֹת to a mourner unless there are no other Jews around.
One may give מַתָּנוֹת לָאֶבְיוֹנִים to a needy mourner.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 142:1, 2, 4, 7
- Danny
Sunday, 26 Shvat 5778
Sunday, February 11, 2018
Halocho #2002 - Purim gifts for your friends
Thursday, February 8, 2018
Halocho #2001 - Shabbat Shekalim
This week is Shabbat Shekalim and 2 Torah Scrolls are taken out.
After the regular weekly Torah Reading of Parshat מִּשְׁפָּטִים, we read the beginning of Parshat כִּי תִשָּׂא in the second Sefer Torah.
Also the Haftara is the one for Shabbat Shekalim; not for Parshat מִּשְׁפָּטִים.
This is in memory of the מַחֲצִית הַשֶּׁקֶל - half-Shekel - that everybody donated yearly to finance the daily sacrifices in the Bet Hamikdash, may we merit to see it rebuilt, speedily in our days.
This Shabbat is also Shabbat Mevarchim of the upcoming month of Adar. Rosh Chodesh Adar will be in a week's time on Thursday and Friday.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 140:1
- Danny
Thursday, 23 Shvat 5778
Wednesday, February 7, 2018
Halocho #2000 - Purim gifts for the poor
One of the 613 Mitzvot in the Torah is to obey the Torah Sages. The Sages instituted Purim and its Mitzvot.
One of the Mitzvot of Purim is מַתָּנוֹת לָאֶבְיוֹנִים - to send gifts to at least two needy people. This gift is usually money.
Even somebody who lives off charity needs to fulfill this Mitzvah.
One needn't hand the gifts directly to the needy; one can send them via messenger (or charity organization).
Purim is the only day of the year one does not check credentials; anybody who asks for charity on Purim is given something.
Both men and women have an obligation to give מַתָּנוֹת לָאֶבְיוֹנִים. Men may send מַתָּנוֹת לָאֶבְיוֹנִים to women and vice versa.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 142:3-4
- Danny
Wednesday, 22 Shvat 5778
Tuesday, February 6, 2018
Halocho #1999 - How do we publicize the miracle of Purim?
One of the Mitzvot of Purim is hearing Megilat Esther being read at night and again in the morning. One needs to hear every single word to fulfill this Mitzvah.
The Megila should be heard in a Shul if possible; the bigger the crowd the bigger the publicity for the miracle.
Everybody needs to hear the Megila including men, women and those children old enough to attend without disturbing.
The reading needs to be done from a Kosher Megila; one that is handwritten by a Sofer on parchment.
The entire Megila - some 20 columns in a standard edition - is unrolled and folded like a letter before it is read.
Three Brachot are recited before the Megila reading (both in the evening and the morning) - עַל מִקְרָא מְגִלָּהוּ then שֶעָשָׂה נִּסִּים and finally שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ.
After the Megila is read and rolled up, the long Bracha of הָרָב אֶת רִבֵנוּ is recited.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 141:7, 9, 10, 11
- Danny
Tuesday, 21 Shvat 5778
Monday, February 5, 2018
Halocho #1998 – Cohen gets preferential treatment almost always
A Talmid Chacham (Torah scholar) has preference over a Cohen.
Everybody else needs to give preference to the Cohen; he gets called first to the Torah, gets to speak first at functions, gets served first at meals and leads the Zimun.
In a business partnership, a Cohen does not get preferential treatment.
One may not use a Cohen to run one's errands nor do other mundane tasks unless the Cohen has agreed to relinquish his Cohen status for this purpose.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 144:8-9
To clarify: A Cohen always gets called to the Torah first, so as to prevent the unpleasantness of people arguing as to whether a specific person is a Talmid Chacham worthy of displacing the Cohen or not.
- Danny Schoemann
Monday 20 Shevat 5778
Sunday, February 4, 2018
Halocho #1997 – Honoring other family members; grandparents, in-laws & siblings
Everybody has to honor the following people:
- One's father's wife and one's mother's husband.
- One's father-in-law and one's mother-in-law.
- One's grandparents, though one's parents' honor has priority.
- One's older brother; even if he's a half-brother.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 143:19-20
- Danny
Sunday, 19 Shvat 5778
Thursday, February 1, 2018
Halocho #1996 – Bathing for Shabbat
It's a Mitzvah to bathe on Friday with warm water, or at least to wash one's face, hands and feet.
It's also a Mitzvah to shampoo one's hair, cut one's nails and have a haircut if needed.
One should not cut fingernails and toenails on the same day. One doesn't cut [finger] nails on Thursday as then they begin growing (and looking unkempt) on Shabbat.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:12, 14
Shabbat Shalom,
- Danny
Thursday, 16 Shvat 5778
Wednesday, January 31, 2018
Halocho #1995 - What happens on Tu B'Shvat?
Our Sages have designated the 15th of Shvat - Tu B'Shvat - as the boundary between one year and another for trees, since (in most years) most of the rain of the winter has already fallen by then.
As a result, fruit from trees that blossomed before Tu B'Shvat belong to the previous year's תְּרוּמוֹת and מַעְשְׂרוֹת quota, as we learnt yesterday.
It is customary to pray for a beautiful Kosher Etrog on Tu B'Shvat.
Source: The Book of our Heritage, Vol I, page 346-349
- Danny
Wednesday, 15 Shvat 5778
Tuesday, January 30, 2018
Halocho #1994 - Tomorrow is Tu B'Shvat - רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה לָאִילָנוֹת
Tu B'Shvat starts tonight (Tuesday evening).
Tu B'Shvat - the 15th of the month of Shvat - is the New Year as far as tithing fruits is concerned.
Fruit from trees that blossomed before Tu B'Shvat belong to the previous year's תְּרוּמוֹת and מַעְשְׂרוֹת quota.
Until Tu B'Shvat of 5778 is the year of מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי. מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי is the 10% of the produce which had to be eaten in Jerusalem in purity, or its value transferred to coins which were then used to buy food to be eaten in Jerusalem. Nowadays Ma'aser Sheni fruit/coins need to be destroyed.
As of Tu B'Shvat 5778 we will be in the year of מַעֲשֵׂר עָנִי .מַעֲשֵׂר עָנִי is the 10% of the produce which is given to poor people and can be eaten by anybody, anywhere.
(Tu B'Shvat has little - if any - significance on Halachot of Shmitta.)
The custom is to eat more fruit than usual on Tu B'Shvat.
One does not say Tachanun on Tu B'Shvat, nor at Mincha the day before.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 22:8, 139:26. Rosh Hashana Mishna 1:1.
- Danny
Tuesday, 14 Shvat 5771
Monday, January 29, 2018
Halocho #1993 - Which Bracha comes first?
Wednesday will be Tu B'Shvat and customarily lots of fruit will be served.
Which fruit should you choose as the one to hold in your right hand and make the Bracha on?
- If one has a favorite fruit and it's being offered, it should be used to make the Bracha.
- If one has no preference then one of the "7 species" has precedence.
- If there are none of the 7 species, then one should pick a whole fruit, as opposed to a cut one.
- A Boreh Pri Ha'Etz has precedence over Boreh Pri Ha'Adama (e.g. strawberries and bananas).
The 7 species are (in order of Bracha-precedence): Bread from wheat, Cakes from wheat, Wine, Olives, Barley (baked or cooked), Dates, Grapes (in solid form), Figs, Pomegranates.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 55:1 - 3
- Danny
Monday, 13 Shvat 5771
Sunday, January 28, 2018
Halocho #1992 - Waking one's parents
One may not wake up one's parents even if it is going to cause one a major monetary loss.
However, if one's parents are going to suffer a monetary loss and they will be distressed over the loss then one must wake them.
So too one should wake them to be in time for prayers or for any other Mitzvah.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 143:4
- Danny
Sunday, 12 Shevat 5778
Thursday, January 25, 2018
Halocho #1991 - May one feed the birds on Shabbat Shira?
Housepets or any other animals that depend on you for their food must be fed - even on Shabbat - before one starts eating.
Animals that do not rely on humans for their food may not be fed on Shabbat, and one may not even throw them leftovers, with the exception of stray dogs.
On Shabbat, one may not feed pigeons as they are capable of fending for themselves.
The Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (quoting the Be'er Heitev) holds that the custom to put out grain for the birds on Shabbat Shira (this week) is incorrect since birds do not rely on humans for their food. He allows one to put out grain for them before Shabbat.
Other Rabbis disagree, permitting the Minhag of feeding birds on this Shabbath.
One may feed silkworms on Shabbat.
Source Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 87:18
Shabbat Shalom
- Danny
Thursday, 8 Shvat 5778
Kitzur Shulchan Aruch:
Aruch Hashulchan 324:
The Maharal MiPrague:
Wednesday, January 24, 2018
Halocho #1990 - Preparing the weekly Parsha
It's a Mitzvah to review the week's Torah-Reading by reading it twice in the original and once with the (Aramaic) Onkelus translation.
One who doesn't understand (or appreciate) Onkelus may read Rashi instead, or even an English translation.
One may start on Sunday already and one should finish before the Torah is read on Shabbat morning.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:11
- Danny
Wednesday, 8 Shevat 5778
Tuesday, January 23, 2018
Halocho #1989 - Treat your parents the Torah way!
Honoring Parents:
Honoring parents includes feeding them, clothing and covering them as well as accompanying them.
All the above must be done cheerfully - as the attitude counts more than the actions; one gets punished for being dour around one's parents even if one treats them with delicacies.
Respecting parents:
One may not sit nor stand in one's parents designated place in shul or at home or anywhere else where they may have a designated place.
One may not contradict one's parents.
One may not approve of one's parents in their presence (e.g. I see your point) as this indicates that one would have the ability to say otherwise.
Even if parents insult one in public one may not upset them, though one may take legal action to recuperate any monetary loss they caused.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 143:1, 3
- Danny
Tuesday, 7 Shevat 5778
Monday, January 22, 2018
Halocho #1988 - Bikur Cholim - Visiting the sick
It's a Mitzvah to visit sick people irrelevant of the social standing of the visitor or the patient.
Close friends and family may visit immediately, but others should wait until the 4th day, so as not to aggravate his Mazal and give him the "sick" title.
However, if a person becomes very ill very suddenly then all may visit immediately.
One may visit numerous times a day - as long as it doesn't inconvenience the patient.
How to behave when doing Bikur Cholim:
When visiting the sick one may not sit on a chair if he's lying on the floor, in deference to the Shechina which is above the sick person's head. If he's on a bed, one may sit on a chair.
The main point of visiting the sick is to find out if one can help him in any way, so that he feels he has friends who care about him and in order to pray for him.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 193:1-3
- Danny
Monday, 6 Shevat 5778
Sunday, January 21, 2018
Halocho #1987 - Looking after your health and possessions
The same way it's a Mitzvah to preserve one's health and wellbeing – so too it's a Mitzvah to look after one's possessions; not to lose, break or waste them.
Anybody who breaks vessels, tears clothes, wastes edible food, wastes money or throws away objects that other people could use has done the Aveira of לֹא תַשְׁחִית.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 190:3
- Danny
Sunday, 5 Shevat 5778
Wednesday, January 17, 2018
Halocho #1986 - Hallel on Rosh Chodesh
Today (Wednesday) is Rosh-Chodesh Shevat.
Hallel is recited on רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ and Mo'adim during Shacharit between the Chazzan's repetition of the Amida and Reading the Torah.
One needs to stand during the recitation of הַלֵּל, which preferably should be recited with a Minyan. If one comes to shul late, one joins the Minyan in their recitation of הַלֵּל, even if one has not yet prayed.
If one already started פּסוּקֵי דְּזִמְרָה and the Minyan begins הַלֵּל, one joins them. However one doesn’t say the Bracha before and after הַלֵּל, relying instead on בָּרוּךְ שֶׁאָמַר and יִשְׁתַּבַּח.
This applies only to days when one says the "half"-Hallel, like Rosh Chodesh (excluding Tevet - which is also Chanuka), חֹל הַמּוֹעֵד of פֶּסַח and the last days of פֶּסַח.
One should not interrupt the recitation of הַלֵּל.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 97:4
Chodesh Tov!
- Danny,
Rosh Chodesh Shevat 5778
Tuesday, January 16, 2018
Halocho #1985 - May one fast on Rosh Chodesh?
Tonight (Tuesday night) and tomorrow - is Rosh Chodesh Shevat.
It’s a Mitzvah to eat a bigger meal on רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ.
One may do work on רֹאשׁ חֹדֶשׁ, but one may not fast nor say eulogies.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 97:2, 3, 6
- Danny
Tuesday, 29 Tevet 5778
Monday, January 15, 2018
Halocho #1984 - Erev Rosh Chodesh is Yom Kippour Kattan
Some have the custom of fasting on the eve of Rosh Chodesh (the new Jewish [lunar] month) and adding the Yom Kippur Kattan prayers (during Mincha).
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 97:1
Tomorrow - Tuesday - will be Erev Rosh Chodesh Shevat
- Danny
Monday, 28 Tevet 5778
Sunday, January 14, 2018
Halocho #1983 - Not enough horse power
It’s a Mitzvah to help horses that are pulling a wagon and are struggling due to the incline or the rough terrain – even if they don’t belong to a Jew.
One should prevent the rider from whipping them unnecessarily to try to get them to pull more than they can.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 191:2
- Danny
Sunday, 27 Tevet 5778
Thursday, January 11, 2018
Halocho #1982 - Prepare for Shabbat
From the Pasuk "זָכוֹר אֶת יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת" - "remember the day of Shabbat" we learn that it's a Mitzvah to keep Shabbat in mind all week; special food should be reserved for Shabbat.
On Friday it's a Mitzvah to get up early to go shopping for Shabbat. This can even be done before Shacharit if need be (as long as you don't miss your Minyan).
However, items that require preparation should be bought on Thursday already.
Ezra the Scribe (who lived about 2,500 years ago) already instituted doing laundry on Thursday in anticipation of Shabbat.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 72:4
This week is Shabbat Mevorchim of Chodesh Shevat. Rosh Chodesh Shevat will be on Wednesday.
Shabbat Shalom uMevorach
- Danny
Thursday, 24 Tevet 5778
Wednesday, January 10, 2018
Halocho #1981- One may not harm animals
The term "animal" is being used to refer to any living creature.
It’s a Torah prohibition to cause pain to animals – and a Mitzvah to prevent such pain and even cure animals, even if they don’t belong to a Jew, and even if they don't belong to anybody.
However, if an animal is causing harm to humans, or can be used to help cure humans, then one may kill it (as humanely as possible) for we see that the Torah allows one to eat meat.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 191:1
- Danny
Wednesday, 23 Tevet 5778
Tuesday, January 9, 2018
Halocho #1980 – Protection from dangerous items
Any life-threatening danger needs appropriate preventive protection.
E.g. a well or pit needs a fence or a cover strong enough to ensure nobody falls in.
Similarly one may not own a dangerous dog nor a shaky ladder.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 190:1-2
- Danny
Tuesday, 22 Tevet 5778
Monday, January 8, 2018
Halocho #1979 - A fence around your roof
It's a Mitzvah to put a fence around one's roof to prevent people from falling off.
The fence must be at least 10 Tefachim (80 cm - 30") high and must be strong enough that a person can lean on it and not fall.
A roof that is never used does not need a fence.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 190:1
- Danny
Monday, 21 Tevet 5778
Sunday, January 7, 2018
Halocho #1978 - Let the animals eat
We learned last week that while an animal is working with food, one is not allowed to muzzle it.
If the animal cannot eat the food because it's thirsty, one has to provide it with water, so that it can eat.
If the food in question is harmful (or dangerous) for the animal, then one can muzzle it, so as to prevent it getting harmed. One does not have to provide it with alternate food, if it's not feeding time.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 186:3
- Danny
Sunday, 20 Tevet 5778

