In the year 3,339, on 9th Tamuz, the city walls of Jerusalem were breached by the wicked King Nebuchadnezzar's army. Four weeks later - on 9th Av - the first Bet Hamikdash was destroyed.
For 70 years - until the second Bet Hamikdash was built - the 9th Tamuz was a fast-day.
At the time of the destruction of the second Bet Hamikdash the walls were breached a week later - on 17 Tamuz.
The Rabbis decided not to burden the Yidden with having to fast 2 weeks in a row.
Since the destruction of the second Bet Hamikdash is more relevant to us, the original fast-day was dropped.
The Talmud Yerushalmi (Ta'anit 4:5) is of the opinion that the walls were breached both times on 17 Tamuz, but due to the turmoil at the time of the first destruction, the date was wrongly recorded as 9 Tamuz.
Source: Tur Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim 549
- Danny
Tuesday, July 4, 2017
Halocho #1858 - Why didn't we fast yesterday?
Tuesday, 10 Tamuz 5777
אַף עַל גַּב דִּכְתִּיב בַּקְּרָא: "בַּחֹדֶשׁ הָרְבִיעִי בְּתִשְׁעָה לַחֹדֶשׁ הָבְקְעָה הָעִיר" (יִרְמְיָהוּ לט, ב) אֵין מִתְעַנִּין בְּט' בּוֹ אֶלָּא בְּי''ז, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁבָּרִאשׁוֹנָה הֻבְקְעָה בְּט' בּוֹ, כֵּיוָן שֶׁבַּשְּׁנִיָּה הֻבְקְעָה בְּי''ז בּוֹ, תִּקְּנוּ לְהִתְעַנּוֹת בְּי''ז בּוֹ מִשּׁוּם דְּחֻרְבַּן בַּיִת שֵׁנִי חָמִיר לָן
באר היטב (ג): בט'. ולא רצו לגזור גם בט' בו דאין מטריחין על הציבור יותר מדאי (רמב''ן). וכתב המגן אברהם "ואם כן בעל נפש יתענה גם בט'". מיהו בירושלמי איתא שבראשונה היה גם כן בי''ז אלא מפני הצרות טעו בחשבון
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