Halocho #1786 - Tell me about the Etrog

On Sukkoth there's a Mitzvah to shake the four species; a Lulav, 3 Haddasim, 2 Aravot and an Etrog.

The Etrog is a citron; Citrus Medica.

It is held in one's left hand when shaking the four species, with the stem (where it was cut off the tree) facing downwards.

By nature the Etrog tree is very soft (mine buckled during a light Jerusalem snow storm), therefore it is often grafted onto other trees to make it stronger. An Etrog from a grafted tree cannot be used when shaking the four species.

(Grafted fruit is Kosher to eat, despite the prohibition against grafting trees.)

The Etrog needs to be whole; scratches and dents may invalidate it.

The Etrog should not have dark dots on it, though it may have light scabs that are a result of leaves and thorns brushing against it while it grows. (Etrog trees have thorns that grow to about 2" long.)

The "nose" of the Etrog - from where it starts getting narrow - should be perfectly clean.

Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 174:2, Shulchan Aruch 648

Ktiva Vechatima Tova

- Danny
Monday, 16 Elul 5776

לוֹקְחִין שְׁלשָׁה בַּדֵּי הֲדַס וּשְׁנֵי בַדֵּי עֲרָבָה, (וְאֵין לְהוֹסִיף), וְאוֹגְדִין אוֹתָם עִם הַלּוּלָב, שֶׁיִהְיוּ כֻלָּן אֲגֻדָּה אֶחָת. וּצְרִיכִין לְהַשְׁגִּיחַ שֶׁיִהְיוּ כֻלָּם כְּדֶרֶךְ גְּדִילָתָן, דְהַיְנוּ מְקוֹם הַחֲתָךְ לְמַטָּה, שֶׁאִם נִתְהַפֵּךְ אֲפִלּוּ רַק בַּד אֶחָד, גַּם בְּדִיעֲבַד אֵינוֹ יוֹצֵא

אָסוּר לְקַיֵם הַמֻּרְכָּב כִּלְאָיִם. אֲבָל הַפְּרִי הַגָּדֵל מִמֶּנּוּ, מֻתָּר. וּמֻתָּר לִקַּח עָנָף מִן הַמֻּרְכָּב וּלְנָטְעוֹ בְּמָקוֹם אַחֵר