The intermediary days of Pesach and Succoth are known as חוֹל הַמּוֹעֵד. Some types of work are permitted, others are forbidden.
In order to ensure that one does the laundry before the מוֹעֵד (Jewish Holiday), doing laundry is forbidden on חוֹל הַמּוֹעֵד, except in extenuating circumstances:
If it was impossible to launder before the מוֹעֵד (e.g. one was locked up in jail) then one may launder on Chol Hamo'ed
Baby clothes that continuously get soiled and need to be changed many times a day may be laundered on חוֹל הַמּוֹעֵד
When laundering on חוֹל הַמּוֹעֵד one must ensure it's done in private.
All medical procedures are allowed on חוֹל הַמּוֹעֵד.
If one has the opportunity to borrow money and there's reason to believe that after Yom Tov the money will no longer be available, then one may borrow the money on חוֹל הַמּוֹעֵד (even if it means writing an IOU), even if it's for a post-Yom Tov business deal.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 104:13, 14, 16
- Danny
Sunday, 24 Adar 5779
Sunday, March 31, 2019
Halocho #2265 - The week of Chol Hamo'ed; Chol or Mo'ed?
Thursday, March 28, 2019
Halocho #2264 - What color is a Red Heifer?
A Kosher פָּרָה אֲדֻמָּה is a (female) cow past its second birthday that is completely ginger-brown. Even two white or black hairs near each other would invalidate it.
The non-brown part of its horns and hooves need to be filed down. Its eyes, teeth and tongue do not need to be brown.
Using the cow for any work – even to carry something – would invalidate it. Birds and insects that land on its back do not invalidate it.
The cow is slaughtered and burnt and the ashes mixed with spring water and sprinkled on people who come in contact with a corpse, on the third and seventh day of their purification process. This was a prerequisite for access to the בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ (Temple).
Since there’s a Mitzvah to go into the בֵּית הַמִּקְדָּשׁ on Pesach, we read this in anticipating of being able to implement it this year, or at least בִּמְהֵרָה בּיָמֵינוּ – soon in our lifetime.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 140:2-3, Mishna Masechet Para, Ch. 1, Rambam Hil. Para Ch. 1
Shabbat Shalom
- Danny
Thursday, 21 Adar 5779
Wednesday, March 27, 2019
Halocho #2263- Which Haftara do we read this week?
This week is Shabbat פָּרָשַׁת פָּרָה.
A second Sefer Torah is taken out for Maftir and the laws of פָּרָה אֲדֻמָּה – the Red Heifer – are read. (The beginning of Parshat חֻקַּת, Numbers 19:1-22)
There are opinions that there is a Torah obligation to hear פָּרָשַׁת פָּרָה being read, and people who don’t have access to a Minyan should find one this week.
The Haftarah this week will be from יְחֶזְקֵאל Ch. 36:16-38 starting with the words בֶּן אָדָם בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל יֹשְׁבִים עַל אַדְמָתָם
This week is also Shabbat Mevorchim; Rosh Chodesh Nissan will be the following Shabbat.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 79:6, 140:2
- Danny
Wednesday, 20 Adar 5779
Tuesday, March 26, 2019
Halocho #2262 - Writing on Chol Hamo'ed
The intermediary days of Pessach and Sukkot are known as חֹל הַמּוֹעֵד. Some types of work are permitted, others are forbidden on חֹל הַמּוֹעֵד.
Writing is only allowed in cases of need:
- Writing down information so that it won't be forgotten is allowed.
- Writing letters to friends and family is allowed.
The custom is to write the first line at an angle as a reminder that writing is only partially permitted.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 104.
- Danny
Tuesday, 19 Adar 5779
Monday, March 25, 2019
Halocho #2261 - Working on Chol Hamo'ed
The intermediary days of Pessach and Sukkot are known as חֹל הַמּוֹעֵד during which some types of work are permitted and others are forbidden.
Chazal (our Rabbis of blessed memory) have some harsh words for those who don't honour חֹל הַמּוֹעֵד properly.
Honouring חֹל הַמּוֹעֵד includes eating meals and wearing clothes that are closer to Yom Tov standards than regular weekday standards.
On חֹל הַמּוֹעֵד one may do work needed to prevent a monetary loss. Preparing food for חֹל הַמּוֹעֵד or the last days of Yom Tov is allowed.
Gardening is forbidden besides for picking fruit for חֹל הַמּוֹעֵד or Yom Tov, and to prevent plants dying, e.g. if they need to be irrigated. Planting is forbidden.
Cutting hair is forbidden on חֹל הַמּוֹעֵד. Cutting nails is only allowed if one also cut them before Yom Tov.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 104
- Danny
Monday, 18 Adar 5779
Sunday, March 24, 2019
Halocho #2260 - Start learning about Pesach
The laws of Pesach in Shulchan Aruch begin with: "One should start learning the laws of Pesach thirty days before Pesach.”
If you fill up a storage room that you don't plan on entering again until after Pesach, you don't have to first check it for Chametz.
However, if it's within 30 days to Pesach, then you do have to check it at night with a candle before filling it.
If you forgot to check it before filling it, you have to empty it, and check it at night for Chametz with a candle.
Source: Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim 429:1, Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 111:12,13
- Danny
Sunday, 17 Adar 5778
Wednesday, March 20, 2019
Halocho #2259 - Megila reading tonight
Purim starts tonight - Wednesday night. The Megilat Esther is read twice; once tonight and once tomorrow morning.
One should wear Shabbat-clothes in honor of the Megila reading.
The custom is to give 3 coins to charity before the Megila reading. Each coin should be half the local currency - half dollar, half shekel, etc.
Don't forget to add עַל הַנִּסִּים during Amida and Birkat Hamazon.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 141: 4, 5
ɯᴉɹnԀ lnɟƃuᴉuɐǝɯ puɐ ʎddɐɥ 'uǝɥɔᴉlᴉǝɹℲ ∀
- Danny
Wednesday, Taanis Esther, 13 Adar 5779
Tuesday, March 19, 2019
Halocho #2258 - Ta'anit Esther is on Wednesday - That's tomorrow!
Ta'anit Esther is not as stringent as other fast days, and expectant and nursing mother do not fast, nor does anybody who is unwell. When in doubt, consult with a Rabbi.
The custom is to give 3 coins to charity after Mincha on Ta'anit Esther. Each coin should be half the local currency - half-dollar, half-shekel, etc.
On every fast-day there is Kri'at HaTorah (Torah Reading) at both Shacharit and Mincha. We call up 3 people and read וַיְחַל from Parshat כִּי תִשָּׂא.
At Mincha, the 3rd Aliya also reads the Haftarah (דִּרְשׁוּ from Yeshayahu 55:6). Only somebody who is fasting should be called up to the Torah on a fast day.
During the Mincha Amida, individuals add the "עֲנֵנוּ" prayer into the 16th Bracha; שְׁמַע קוֹלֵנוּ. If one forgot, one does not need to make amends.
- Danny
Wednesday, 10 Adar 5773
Monday, March 18, 2019
Halocho #2257 - When is Shushan Purim?
Purim will be celebrated in most of the world on Thursday, 14th Adar-II this year.
In Jerusalem - and other cities that were walled when time Joshua-ben-Nun conquered the Holy Land - we celebrate Shushan-Purim a day later. So Shushan-Purim will be on Friday this year.
On both Purim and Shushan-Purim Tachanun, Kel-Erach-Apaim and Lamenatze'ach are not said and fasting is not allowed.
Don't forget to add עַל הַנִּסִּים during Amida and Birkat Hamazon.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 141:6, 23, 142:10
- Danny, celebrating Purim on Friday this year
Monday, 10 Adar-II 5779
Sunday, March 17, 2019
Halocho #2256 – When did Esther fast?
2,374 years ago, two days before Pesach, Haman decreed that all the Jews would be destroyed on 13th Adar, eleven months later.
After consulting with her cousin Mordechai, Queen Esther declared a 3-day fast that lasted through the first days of Pesach, after which she went – uninvited – to the king and invited him and Haman to a wine feast.
At the wine feast, she invited them to a second wine feast where which she gained royal permission for the Jews to defend themselves.
Jews always fast and pray when going out to war, and so they did on Adar 13, 3406 (354 BCE). On Adar 14 they celebrated their victory. In commemoration, we fast on Adar 13 (this Wednesday) and celebrate Purim on the morrow.
Ta’anis Esther is the only of the 6 fast days not mentioned in Tanach.
The fast ends when the stars become visible (a few minutes before Motzai Shabbat time), and if needed, one may eat and drink before Megila reading. However one should not eat a meal until after hearing the Megila.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 141:2,8, Esther 2:7, 3:12-9:30
- Danny
Sunday, 12 Adar 5779
Thursday, March 14, 2019
Halocho #2255 - Remember: Come to shul this week!
There is an opinion that it's a Torah obligation to hear פָּרָשַׁת זָכוֹר being read in shul this week, and if you don't have a Minyan near home you need to go to a town with a Minyan for this Shabbat.
If a Minyan cannot be found, פָּרָשַׁת זָכוֹר should be read even without a Minyan, with the Trop, if possible.
Here is the English translation of the verses read for פָּרָשַׁת זָכוֹר, from Dvarim 25:17-19 (the last 3 verses in Parshas כִּי תֵצֵא.)
17: Remember what Amalek did to you on the way, when you were coming out of Egypt.
18: How he met you on the way, and smote the feeble behind you, when you were faint and weary; and he feared not G-d.
19: Therefore it shall be, when Hashem your G-d has given you rest from all your enemies round about, in the land which Hashem your G-d is giving you for an inheritance to possess, that you shall blot out the remembrance of Amalek from under heaven; do not forget.
Each verse has a multitude of explanations and interpretations.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 140:3
Shabbat Shalom
- Danny
Thursday, 7 Adar-II 5779
Wednesday, March 13, 2019
Halocho #2254 - Destroy and remember
This Shabbat - the one before פּוּרִים - is שַׁבָּת פָּרָשַׁת זָכוֹר.
A second סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה is taken out, and for מַפְטִיר we read about the obligation to annihilate the nation of עֲמָלֵק and remember their wickedness.
For the הַפְטָרָה we read the story of the attempt of שָׁאוּל הַמֶּלֶךְ to fulfill the Mitzvah of annihilating עֲמָלֵק. (Shmuel-1 Ch. 15)
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 140:2
- Danny
Wednesday, 6 Adar 5779
Tuesday, March 12, 2019
Halocho #2253 - The shortest Torah Reading
At each Aliya during Torah Reading, at least 3 פְּסוּקִים have to be read.
Even when only 3 people are called up (like on Mondays, Thursdays, and Shabbat afternoon) a total of 10 פְּסוּקִים need to be read. The last Aliya should read 4 פְּסוּקִים.
The exception to the rule:
On Purim, because the Torah Reading only has 9 פְּסוּקִים in the relevant section, only 3 פְּסוּקִים are read in each Aliya for a total of 9 פְּסוּקִים.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 23:19
- Danny
Tuesday, 5 Adar-II 5779
Monday, March 11, 2019
Halocho #2252 - If you forget to day Al Hanisim on Purim
On Purim one adds עַל הַנִּסִּים to the Birkat Hamazon during the 2nd Bracha.
If you forgot to add עַל הַנִּסִּים and you've already said 'ברוך אתה ה then you don't have to make amends.
However, if possible you should say the following during the HaRachaman's after the 4th Bracha:
and then continue with the rest of the עַל הַנִּסִּים.
During every Amida of Purim, one adds עַל הַנִּסִּים during Modim.
If you forgot to add עַל הַנִּסִּים and you've already said 'ברוך אתה ה then you don't have to make amends.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 44:16, 139: 21
- Danny
Monday, 4 Adar-II 5779
Thursday, March 7, 2019
Halocho #2251 - Making tents on Shabbat
Making a roof on Shabbat is forbidden; even if it's a temporary flimsy roof.
A roof is defined as a cover, over an area of at least 1 Tefach (8 cm, 3") by 1 Tefach, and at least 1 Tefach of space underneath it.
For example, on Shabbat one may not put netting over a baby's crib - to protect the baby from flies - since one is creating a roof over the crib.
However, one may extend an existing roof, if the roof was already stretched out at least 1 Tefach.
For example, one may roll up the netting over a baby's crib until the last Tefach, before Shabbat, and unroll it on Shabbat, since 1 Tefach was left unrolled.
Even if the netting - when rolled-up - was wider than 1 Tefach, it does not count towards the unrolled section. One needs 1 Tefach unrolled, besides for the width of the roll.
These Halachot apply to Yom Tov also.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 80:77
Chodesh Tov and Shabbat Shalom
- Danny
Thursday, 1st day Rosh Chodesh Adar-II 5779
Wednesday, March 6, 2019
Halocho #2250 - Be happy! Adar is here
Today is the eve of Rosh Chodesh Adar-II.
Tachanun is not said at Mincha on Erev Rosh Chodesh.
Some people have the custom of adding the Yom Kippour Katan prayers during Mincha.
Some even fast on Erev Rosh Chodesh to atone for the sins of the past month.
Tomorrow - Thursday - and Friday are Rosh Chodesh Adar.
Don't forget to add Ya'aleh Veyavo during the Amida and Birkat Hamazon.
One increases joy when Adar begins because Adar and (next month) Nissan historically have been full of miracles, including the redemption from Egypt and (nearly a millennium later) the miracle of Purim.
Adar is considered an auspicious month for the Jews.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 97:1, 141:1
Chodesh Tov
- Danny
Wednesday, Erev Rosh Chodesh Adar-II 5779
Tuesday, March 5, 2019
Halocho #2249 - Brit Mila - Stand Up!
The custom is for everybody to stand while a Brit Mila is taking place, except for the Sandek who is holding the baby.
This is learned from the verse וַיַעֲמֹד כָּל הָעָם בַּבְּרִית - "and the entire nation stood at the Brit" (Melachim-II 23:4)
It is forbidden to circumcise a baby who is not 100% healthy; delay the Brit Mila rather than risk the baby's life.
Once the baby is healthy again once does not delay the Brit, though, depending on the health issue, one sometimes has to wait 8 days after he is declared healthy before performing the Brit.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 163:2, 4
- Danny
Tuesday, 11 Adar-I 5779
Monday, March 4, 2019
Halocho #2248 - Sitting while Visiting the sick
When visiting the sick who is lying on the floor, one may not sit on a chair, in deference to the Shechina (Divine presence) which is above the sick person's head.
If they are in a bed, one may sit on a chair.
The main point of visiting the sick is to find out if one can help them in any way so that they feel they have friends who care about them, and in order to pray for them.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 193:2-3
- Danny
Monday, 27 Adar-I 5779
Sunday, March 3, 2019
Halocho #2247 - Visiting the sick
It's a Mitzvah to visit sick people, irrelevant of the social standing of the visitor or the patient.
Close friends and family may visit immediately, but others should wait until the 4th day, so as not to aggravate the patient's Mazal and give them the "sick" title.
However, if a person becomes very ill very suddenly then all may visit immediately.
One may visit numerous times a day - as long as it doesn't bother the patient.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 193:1
- Danny
Sunday, 26 Adar-I 5779