The woes of the Churban - the destruction of the Bet Hamikdash - began on 17th Tamuz and ended with the Bet Hamikdash being set alight on the afternoon of 9 B'Av.
The fire burnt until sunset the following day.
This period of 23 days - which start on Shabbat - is known as "The 3 Weeks" or Bein Hametzarim - בֵּין הַמְּצָרִים. (The fast is deferred to Sunday, as we learned yesterday.)
As we then approach the 9th of Av - 3 weeks later - the laws of mourning intensify, as we will learn in the coming days.
This year some of the customs of mourning (like no wine & no meat) continue until the morning after the fast (i.e. until Monday morning 11 Av - 27 July).
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 122:1, 124:20
- Danny
Tuesday, 13 Tamuz 5775
Tuesday, June 30, 2015
Halocho #1610 - How long are "The 3 Weeks"?
Monday, June 29, 2015
Halocho #1609 - When do we fast this year?
This year the 17th of Tammuz is on a Shabbat, and we never fast on Shabbat, except for the Torah-ordained fast of Yom Kippur.
In years when 17th Tammuz is on Shabbat, we fast on Sunday instead.
The same applies 3 weeks later; we will fast on Sunday, 10th Av - details to follow.
So this year we will fast on Sunday 5th July/18th Tammuz and Sunday 26th July/10th Av.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 121:6
- Danny
Monday, 12 Tammuz 5775
Sunday, June 28, 2015
Halocho #1608 - 5 shopping days left
It's customary not to say the Bracha of שֶׁהֶחִיָּנוּ during the 3 weeks from 17 Tammuz until after 9 Av.
Therefore, one should not buy nor wear new clothes during that period.
Since the "3 weeks" begin next Sunday, one should finish one's shopping and wear all new clothes [at least for a short time] before then.
When eating a fruit for the first time in a season one says the Bracha of שֶׁהֶחִיָּנוּ. If possible, one should not wait for the "3 weeks" to eat those fruit for the first time.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 122:2
- Danny
Sunday, 11 Tamuz 5775
Thursday, June 25, 2015
Halocho #1607 - Dismantling tents on Shabbat
Making a roof on Shabbat is forbidden; even if it's a temporary flimsy roof.
A roof is defined as a cover, over an area of at least 1 Tefach (8 cm, 3") by 1 Tefach, and at least 1 Tefach of space underneath it.
Any roof that one is not allowed to make on Shabbat, one is also forbidden from dismantling.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 80:77, 81
Shabbat Shalom
- Danny
Thursday, 8 Tamuz 5775
Wednesday, June 24, 2015
Halocho #1606 - The tourists' Bracha guide
When seeing the ocean one says the Bracha of עוֹשֶׂה מַעֲשֶׂה בְּרֵאשִׁית - "... Who makes the work of creation".
These Brachot can only be said if one hasn't seen the ocean or that specific mountain for 30 days; excluding the day one last saw it and excluding the day of the current sighting.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 60:5, 12
- Danny
Monday, 9 Tamuz 5775
Tuesday, June 23, 2015
Halocho #1605 - When should one learn Torah?
After Shacharit (morning prayers) a person should have a fixed time to learn Torah; at least one verse or a single Halacha.
The Torah requires everybody to have a fixed time to learn Torah every day and every night.
Somebody who does not know how to learn Torah, or cannot find the time to learn, should support others who do learn Torah and they share the reward.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 27:1-2
- Danny
Tuesday, 6 Tamuz 5775
Monday, June 22, 2015
Halocho #1604 - What Bracha does one make on Good News?
When finding out joyous tidings or upon hearing good news from a reliable source, one says a Bracha.
If it only affects oneself, then one says שֶׁהֶחֱיָנוּ; "... who has kept us alive, sustained us and permitted us to reach this occasion."
If it affects a group of people then one says הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב; "..Who is Good, and bestows good."
Even if the joyful event will probably cause one trouble at a later date, one still says the Bracha.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 59:1,3
- Danny
Monday, 5 Tammuz 5775
P.S. My daughter Chaya is getting married tomorrow.
Sunday, June 21, 2015
Halocho #1603 - Can one say Kiddush Levanah by a window?
Yesterday - 3 Tammuz - was the day that יְהוֹשֻׁעַ told the sun and moon to stop orbiting, as recounted in Sefer Yehoshua Ch.10, verses 12-14.
Kiddush Levanah - (blessing on the new moon) - can be found in any Siddur; usually after the Ma'ariv service.
Men have an obligation to say Kiddush Levanah every month. The custom is that women do not say Kiddush Levanah.
Kiddush Levanah cannot be said before the new moon is 3 days (72 hours) old. Some even wait until it's 7 days old.
Kiddush Levanah can only be said while the moon is waxing.
Kiddush Levanah should not be said while standing under a roof. However, if this is impossible or impractical, then it can be said inside by a window.
Source Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 97:7, 8, 10
- Danny
Sunday, 4 Tammuz 5775
Thursday, June 18, 2015
Halocho #1602 - Squeezing pimples on Shabbat
Reminder: Today is Rosh Chodesh!
It is forbidden to draw blood on Shabbat even from one's own body.
One may not squeeze pimples or open up wounds on Shabbat, as that would cause puss and/or blood come out.
One may remove scabs on Shabbat, if one is sure that no bleeding will occur.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 80:54, 91:14
Shabbat Shalom
- Danny
Thursday, 2nd day Rosh Chodesh, 1 Tammuz 5775
Wednesday, June 17, 2015
Halocho #1601 - Must one eat on Rosh Chodesh?
Today is the 1st day of Rosh Chodesh Tammuz.
One may not fast on Rosh Chodesh.
It's a Mitzva to eat a bigger meal on Rosh Chodesh.
There is no obligation to eat bread on Rosh Chodesh.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 44:14, 97:2
- Danny
Wednesday, 1st day Rosh Chodesh Tammuz 5775
Tuesday, June 16, 2015
Halocho #1600 - Transporting Kosher food
Kosher meat that is given to a non-Jew to store or transport, needs 2 seals, to ensure it's not tampered with.
The same applies to wine that is not cooked and to fish that no longer have their scales attached.
Cooked wine, wine-vinegar, milk, bread and cheese only need one seal.
The above applies whether a non-Jew is involved, or else a Jew who cannot be trusted to keep Kosher.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 46:16
- Danny Schoemann
Tuesday, 29 Sivan 5775
P.S. Tonight, tomorrow (Wednesday) and Thursday will be Rosh Chodesh Tammuz
Monday, June 15, 2015
Halocho #1599 - Kashering from meat to milk
When needed, one can Kasher utensils that are not Kosher. E.g. if one put a Milky spoon in a hot bowl of Meat it cannot be used until it is Kashered.
Before Pessach one can Kasher certain Chametz utensils to make them Kosher for Pessach.
Kashering must be done under the supervision of somebody who has learned all the intrinsic laws of Kashering, when possible.
When utensils are Kashered, they become Kosher and Parev; neither milky nor meaty.
The custom is to refrain from Kashering Milky utensils to use them subsequently for Meaty, or Meaty utensils to use them for Milky.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 46:15, 116:18
- Danny
Monday, 28 Sivan 5775
Sunday, June 14, 2015
Halocho #1598 - Who was burnt to death with a Sefer Torah?
The Shulchan Aruch says that it's appropriate to today - 27 Sivan - since about 2,000 years ago on this date, the Romans wrapped the great Rabbi Chanina ben Tradyon in a Sefer Torah, and burnt him to death.
Rabbi Chanina ben Tradyon was one of the 10 martyrs.
King David started Tehillim - Psalms - by declaring:
Rabbi Chanina ben Tradyon taught (Avot 3:3):
- A gathering of the scornful is when Jews sit together and don't discuss Torah-related topics.
- When Jews do discuss Torah then the Shechina - Gcd's presence - is with them.
- Even when a lone Jew learns Torah (like a Halocho a Day), Hashem takes note and rewards him.
Source: Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim 580:2
Read about the 10 martyrs at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ten_Martyrs
Read about Rabbi Chanina ben Tradyon at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haninah_ben_Teradion
- Danny
Sunday, 27 Sivan 5775
Thursday, June 11, 2015
Halocho #1597 - Shabbat Mevarchim- announcing the new month
This Shabbat is "Shabbat Mevarchim".
Rosh Chodesh Tammuz will be next week on Wednesday and Thursday.
There's an ancient custom to bless the upcoming month on the Shabbat before Rosh Chodesh, before Mussaf.
This is not to be confused with Sanctifying the Month that was done by the Sanhedrin when the new moon appeared.
Nevertheless, the custom is to stand when the Chazzan announces which day(s) will be Rosh Chodesh, since the sanctification of the month was done while standing.
Source: Mishna Brura 417:1
Shabbat Shalom uMevorach
- Danny
Thursday, 24 Sivan 5775
Wednesday, June 10, 2015
Halocho #1596 - Can one eat almond milk with meat?
If one cooks meat in almond milk, one has to leave some almonds in the dish, so that people do not suspect you of having cooked meat in milk.
As a general rule, one should be careful not to do anything which looks like it's against Halacha, even if one is not doing anything wrong, as it says in Bemidbar 23:22 וִהְיִיתֶם נְקִיִּים מֵה' וּמִיִּשְׂרָאֵל and in Mishlei 3:4 - וּמְצָא חֵן וְשֵׂכֶל טוֹב בְּעֵינֵי אֱ-לקִים וְאָדָם.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 46:14, 29:20
- Danny
Wednesday, 23 Sivan 5775
Tuesday, June 9, 2015
Halocho #1595 - Meat after cheese
After eating milky products one needs to wash one's hands or check them carefully, eat something hard (like bread) and rinse one's mouth or drink something and check between one's teeth or brush them. Then - if it's not during the same meal - one can eat meat right away.
The exception is hard cheese that aged for 6 months or became wormy. After eating such cheese, one needs to wait 6 hours before eating meat.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 46:11
As we learned yesterday, some have the custom to only wait 1 or 3 hours.
There's a debate among Poskim if modern hard cheese that didn't age 6 months is considered like hard cheese. Check with your favorite LOR.
- Danny
Tuesday, 22 Sivan 5775
Monday, June 8, 2015
Halocho #1594 - Eating milk after chewing meat
After eating meat or chicken, one must wait 6 hours before eating milky products.
Even if one only chewed the meat, but did not swallow it, one must still wait.
If, after waiting 6 hours, one finds meat stuck between one's teeth, one has to remove it and rinse one's mouth and eat something solid before eating Milky, though one need not wait another 6 hours.
If the food did not contain any meat, chicken or gravy, but was simply cooked in a meaty pot - even if the pot wasn't spotlessly clean - one may eat milk right afterwards.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 46:9-10
Some have the custom of only waiting 1 hour or 3 hours, and not 6 hours between meat and milk. Everybody should follow their family Minhag.
- Danny
Monday, 21 Sivan 5775
Thursday, June 4, 2015
Halocho #1593 - Lego, lids and screws on Shabbat
An item made of various parts can be assembled on Shabbat, if the connections are loose, and it is taken apart and put back together frequently. (Like Lego pieces.)
If the parts are supposed to be tightly connected or screwed together - so as to "almost never" take them apart (like most door handles) - then you cannot assemble them on Shabbat, even if you don't tighten the connection.
Lids of dishes may be taken off and put back on even if they are tight (like Tupperware) since they are not meant to remain connected permanently.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 80:83
Shabbat Shalom
- Danny
Thursday, 17 Sivan 5775
Wednesday, June 3, 2015
Halocho #1592 - Which are the Milky dishes?
One cannot use the same dishes and cutlery for eating meat and milk.
If one has 2 identical sets of dishes, then the custom is to mark the Milky dishes (with permanent ink, a scratch or otherwise) in order to tell them apart.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 46:8
- Danny
Sunday, 17 Sivan 5775
Tuesday, June 2, 2015
Halocho #1591 - You eat meat, I'll eat milk
Two acquaintances are not allowed to share the same table, if one is eating a meat meal and the other is eating a milky meal.
This applies to friends, family and even to casual acquaintances who wouldn't feel comfortable sharing their food.
If there is some sort of separation on the table, then they are allowed to share the table. For example, if they each have their own place mat, or there is something between them on the table that normally is not on the table, like food (bottle of whiskey) or vessels (vase or extra salt cellars).
They should not share the same cup, pitcher or bottle, since food can get stuck on it and passed from one to the other.
They also should not be sharing the same loaf of bread. The custom is that they do not even share the same salt cellars.
Source: Kitzur Shulchan Aruch 46:6, 7
- Danny
Tuesday, 15 Sivan 5775